2025年聯合國氣候變遷大會COP30於11月10日至2日在巴西舉行，歷經兩週的馬拉松式談判，期間發生了原民抗議、美國缺席、會場起火，21日夜晚80多國聯盟與產油國間爆發衝突，談判差點破裂，在歷經超過12 小時後，會談終於11月22日延時結束，達成超過150頁的協議，但報告裏不敢提《化石燃料》一詞，沒有終止森林砍伐的路線圖，顯見現況與科學所要求之間仍存在巨大的分歧。最終，確定了氣候調適融資三倍的新目標，建立對氣候影響的韌性成為焦點；很明顯地，會談正從談判轉向執行，從爭論該怎麼做，轉為如何去做。
　　本文首先探討 COP30氣候峰會的期望與目標，說明全球應更積極的減碳目標、補足氣候金融的缺口、脫離化石燃料的退場進程及啟動成立熱帶雨林基金。接著，研析COP30會前相關會議與世局探索，包括世界領袖會議提前4日舉行，為正式COP30峰會營造支持與氣勢，以及COP30峰會的重要成果。大會通過新的有關氣候行動的總體協議，即《全球動員：團結協作因應氣候變化挑戰》，呼籲各國主動因應氣候變化，加速氣候行動，朝零碳排數位化與智慧化轉型，持續致力於全球產業的永續經營。最後，闡述臺灣在COP峰會所展現的減碳成果，與十年前相較，呈現全球減碳不能沒有臺灣；臺灣未來應朝數位化與低碳化雙軸結合，以加速達成淨零目標。
　　The 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) was held in Brazil from November 10th to 21st. After two weeks of marathon-style negotiations, marked by indigenous protests, US absence, a fire at the conference venue, and a clash between the coalition of over 80 countries and oil-producing nations on the night of the 21st, the negotiations nearly collapsed. After more than 12 hours, the talks finally concluded on November 22nd with an over 150-page agreement. However, the report avoided mentioning the term "fossil fuels" and lacked a roadmap to end  deforestation, clearly indicating a significant gap between the current situation and scientific demands. Ultimately, a new target of tripling climate adaptation financing was established, and building resilience against climate impacts became a focal point. Clearly, the talks are shifting from negotiation to implementation, from debating what to do to how to do it.
　　This article first explores the expectations and goals of the COP30 Climate Summit, explaining the need for more proactive global carbon reduction targets, addressing the gap in climate finance, accelerating the phase-out of fossil fuels, and launching the Rainforest Fund. Next, it analyzes the pre-COP30 meetings and global strategic explorations, including the World Leaders' Meeting held four days earlier to build support and momentum for the official COP30 summit, and the summit's key outcomes. The summit adopted a new overall agreement on climate action, "Global Mobilization: Working Together to Address the Challenges of Climate Change," calling on countries to proactively address climate change, accelerate climate action, move towards digital and smart transformation towards zero carbon emissions, and continue to commit to the sustainable operation of global industries. Finally, it elaborates on Taiwan's carbon reduction achievements at the COP30 summit, demonstrating that global carbon reduction cannot be achieved without Taiwan compared to ten years ago； Taiwan should combine digitalization and decarbonization in the future to accelerate the achievement of net-zero targets.

　　釩酸鋰（Li₃VO₄, LVO）近年來由於它的高理論電量（592 mAh/g）、安全的工作電壓（~ 1.0 V vs. Li⁺/Li）被視為極具潛力的負極材料；然而，它的實際應用受到其極低的導電率以及對釩前驅物依賴的限制，進而導致倍率能力不佳與生產成本偏高的缺點，限制其大規模商業化的發展。而石化產業所衍生的廢觸媒中含有來自原油的高濃度釩元素，若不將其進行資源化處理，不僅對環境造成汙染，同時也造金屬資源的浪費。本研究旨在從台灣中油公司所產生的廢觸媒中回收高價值的釩元素，將其再利用於五氧化二釩（V₂O₅）的合成，並將回收的V₂O₅ 作為釩前驅物，以噴霧乾燥法製備快充型的LVO 負極材料，藉此降低LVO的生產成本。另外，為進一步解決低電導率的問題，本研究亦藉由碳包覆技術與奈米碳管(CNT)的摻雜，製備了階層多孔結構的碳包覆LVO/CNT 複合材料。由數據結果顯示，LVO/CNT 複合材料在0.1C 和10C 的電流密度下分別展現出400.0和282.1 mAh/g的比容量，並具備優異的循環穩定性。本研究所提出的策略不僅有效解決了石化產業廢觸媒處理的重大挑戰，對於推動綠色循環經濟和提升產品價值也具有重要貢獻。
　　Li₃VO₄ (LVO) is considered a promising anode material； however, its practical application is hindered by inherently low electrical conductivity and reliance on vanadium-based precursors, which contribute to elevated production costs. Spent catalysts produced by the petrochemical industry contain high concentrations of vanadium derived from crude oil. Failure to implement resource recovery not only poses environmental pollution risks but also results in the loss of valuable metal resources. This study aims to recover valuable vanadium from spent catalysts generated by CPC Corporation, Taiwan, and reutilize it for the synthesis of V₂O₅. The recycled V₂O₅ is employed as precursors to synthesize high-rate LVO anode materials via a spray-drying process. To further address the issue of low electrical conductivity, hierarchical porous LVO/CNT composites are also fabricated. The LVO/CNT composite demonstrates specific capacities of 400.0 and 282.1 mAh/g at 0.1 C and 10 C, along with excellent cycling stability. The proposed strategy not only effectively tackles the critical challenge of spent catalyst disposal in the petrochemical industry but also contributes significantly to promoting a green circular economy and enhancing product value.

　　為評估潛在碳封存場址於未來二氧化碳注儲期間之安全性，本計畫進行鐵砧山碳封存場域之環境地化基線之特性調查作業，建立二氧化碳注儲前場址區域之背景環境數據與圖譜空間分布。調查內容包括測量每季進行41個調查點位土壤氣體二氧化碳逸氣通量、環境大氣二氧化碳濃度。另於現有廠區廠房內，建置共4站環境大氣二氧化碳濃度固定連續監測站。
　　目前結果顯示，二氧化碳濃度之空間變化皆未與區域構造有明顯的相關性；時間變化上，土壤氣體二氧化碳逸氣通量及土壤氣體二氧化碳濃度則略顯示受到季節變化影響。大氣二氧化碳濃度日夜變化趨勢與溫度相反，且具季節性變化趨勢。而長期觀測累積之數據，使用統計方法過濾局部現象且不具代表性的背景數據，以消除資料中短周期變異性，並應用於持續監測變化。
　　在持續收錄各項調查分析數據時，本計畫提供使用者可經由公眾網頁查詢固定連續監測站即時分析數據，透過此科學數據對公眾展現碳封存場址的安全性，並建立民眾溝通管道。
　　To assess the safety of potential carbon storage sites during future CO₂ injection and storage operations, this project conducted a geochemical baseline survey of the Tieh-Chen-Shan (TCS) carbon storage site. The objective was to establish background environmental data and spatial distribution maps prior to CO₂ injection. The survey included seasonal measurements of soil CO₂ flux and ambient atmospheric CO₂ concentration at 41 sampling locations. Additionally, four fixed continuous monitoring stations were installed within the facility to monitor ambient CO₂ levels.
　　Current results show that spatial variations in CO₂ concentration do not display a clear correlation with regional geological structures. However, temporal variations in soil gas CO₂ flux and concentration exhibit slight seasonal influence. Diurnal changes in atmospheric CO₂ concentration tend to be inversely correlated with temperature and also show seasonal trends. Long-term data were analyzed using statistical methods to filter out local anomalies and unrepresentative background values, thereby eliminating short-cycle variability and enabling continuous monitoring of long-term trends. 
　　As data collection and analysis continue, the project provides public access to real-time data from the fixed monitoring stations through a public webpage. This approach not only demonstrates the safety of the carbon storage site with scientific evidence but also serves as a channel for public communication and engagement.

　　本研究針對重油媒裂工場（RFCC）在市場需求變動與操作瓶頸下的觸媒應用與製程整合進行探討，目標為提升工場經濟效益。由於進料逐年趨向輕質化，加上觸媒ZSM-5含量偏高，導致乾氣與LPG 產率增加，超出第二吸收塔的處理能力，進而降低丙烯回收率與工場效益。為解決此問題，本研究提出觸媒配方與操作條件的雙軌調整策略。在觸媒方面，透過提升總比表面積（T.S.A.）、基質比表面積（M.S.A.）與提高總孔體積(P.V.)並降低ZSM-5含量以改善重油分子轉化效率並抑制過度裂解。在操作方面，採行低提升管出口溫度（R.O.T.，即反應溫度）與較低再生溫度，以降低熱裂解與脫氫反應。實廠數據顯示，新批次觸媒與操作優化後，汽油產率由48.8wt%提升至52.7wt%，而燃料氣產率由5.4 wt%降至3.7wt%，改善第二吸收塔操作瓶頸，使得丙烯回收率由80wt%提升至89wt%。此外，新鮮觸媒添加量由8.9噸/日下降至6.5噸/日，顯示觸媒利用效率顯著提升。整體效益評估結果顯示，新批次觸媒使用期間工場效益淨增加NT$227,622,384。研究結果證明，透過觸媒與製程的整合優化，能有效兼顧產品結構調整與裝置瓶頸改善，為後續工場觸媒應用策略提供實務參考。
　　This study presents a practical investigation on improving the performance and economics of the Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracking (RFCC) process through catalyst formulation optimization and process integration. In response to market dynamics and operational bottlenecks, the refinery adjusted its production strategy toward reducing dry gas and LPG yields while enhancing gasoline and propylene recovery. Catalyst properties were systematically optimized, including higher total surface area to improve heavy oil conversion,enlarged mesoporous structure to enhance macromolecular diffusion, and reduced ZSM-5 content to limit secondary cracking into C₂~C₄ light olefins. Complementary operational adjustments, such as lowering riser outlet temperature (ROT) and optimizing regenerator conditions, further mitigated excessive gas formation and relieved downstream absorber loading. Plant trials demonstrated significant benefits: gasoline yield increased from 48.8wt% to 52.7wt% (+3.9wt%), propylene recovery improved from 80 wt% to 89 wt%, and hydrogen yield was halved due to effective Ni passivation. Over 158 days of operation, the integrated catalyst and process optimization delivered an additional NT$227.6 million in total economic gain. These results highlight the critical role of catalyst design combined with operational flexibility in maximizing RFCC profitability.

　　本研究以生質資材再利用為核心概念，選用造紙工業所產生之廢棄木質素生質高分子作為原料，開發具環保特性的水性生質塗覆材料。該材料兼具循環經濟、安全性、環保減碳與廢棄物再利用等特點。有別於過去文獻中須先對木質素進行官能基改質再加以利用的方法，本研究直接將再純化之木質素生質高分子水溶液導入塗料配方中，並與異氰酸酯樹脂依適當比例均勻混合後，即可於室溫下形成均勻塗層。本研究除成功克服生質配方在長時間儲存下穩定性不佳的問題外，透過掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)表面分析亦發現，水溶性木質素生質高分子的成膜機制與溶劑型合成樹脂相似，能有效填補水分散型微胞乳液樹脂於成膜過程中所產生的孔洞，進而大幅提升漆膜膜密度，並賦予抗污易潔、耐刷洗及耐刷化性等優異性能，有效改善傳統水分散型合成乳液樹脂在成膜機制上的缺陷。綜上所述，本研究成果不僅可有效去化生質廢棄物，更具體實踐綠色循環經濟與材料高值化的發展目標。
　　This study is centered on the concept of biomass material reutilization. It utilizes waste lignin-based biopolymers generated from the paper manufacturing industry as raw materials to develop environmentally friendly, water-based biocoating materials. These materials possess key attributes such as circular economy compatibility, safety, carbon reduction, and effective waste reuse. Unlike previous studies that require functional group modification of lignin prior to application, this research directly incorporates re-purified aqueous lignin-based biopolymer solutions into the coating formulation. When mixed uniformly with isocyanate resin in appropriate proportions, a uniform coating layer can be formed at room temperature. In addition to successfully overcoming the issue of poor long-term storage stability of biomass-based formulations, surface analysis using SEM revealed that the film-forming mechanism of the watersoluble lignin biopolymer is similar to that of solvent-based synthetic resins. It effectively fills the voids generated during the film formation process of water-dispersed micellar emulsion resins, thereby significantly enhancing film density and imparting excellent properties such as stain resistance, easy-cleaning, scrub resistance, and chemical resistance. This approach effectively addresses the shortcomings of conventional water-dispersed emulsion resin film formation. In summary, the outcomes of this study not only offer an effective strategy for biomass waste reduction but also concretely realize the goals of promoting a green circular economy and enhancing material value.