無人機是利用無線電遙控或機載程式控制裝置操縱的飛行器，機上無駕駛艙，通常配備自動駕駛儀、定位與數據傳輸系統，能夠支援諸多領域的解決方案，廣泛應用於建築、石油、天然氣、能源、農業、救災等領域，現已成為商業、政府和消費應用的重要工具。全球無人機市場近年大幅增長，預計未來十年將持續高速成長，成為低空經濟的重要支柱。
　　無人機在油氣能源領域的應用，已從早期的遠端監控，發展成為涵蓋探勘、開發、巡檢、維護及物流的全面性解決方案，顯著提升了產業的安全性、效率與成本效益。無人機在國際石油與天然氣公司的應用，主要聚焦於設施巡檢、洩漏偵測與危險測勘。目前全球油氣無人機的市場規模呈現爆發性成長，預計將從2025年的97.7億美元快速擴張，到2035年約達326.4億美元以上，複合年成長率達到12.8%。
　　臺灣無人機產業近年快速成長，產值由2024年約新臺幣50億元，大幅提升至2025年的129億元，2030年目標總產值達新臺幣400億元；外銷產值亦由2024年的1.4億元大幅增至2025年的29.5億元，約占總產值23%，展現出強大的海外市場潛力。目前無人機應用已進入主要產業當中，在無人機載具與負重上也進一步更新、客製化，包括負載力、長航程、氫動力、高安全性、抗風與耐候性以及視距外飛行等能力，這些可為臺灣今後可持續進行無人機產品與系統發展的重要方向與市場機會。
　　Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are aircraft controlled by radio remote control or onboard programmable controllers. They have no cockpit and are typically equipped with autopilots, positioning, and data transmission systems. They support solutions in numerous fields and are widely used in construction, oil and gas, energy, agriculture, and disaster relief, becoming an important tool for commercial, governmental, and consumer applications. The global UAV market has experienced significant growth in recent years and is projected to continue its rapid growth over the next decade, becoming a crucial pillar of the low-altitude economy. The application of UAVs in the oil and gas energy sector has evolved from early remote monitoring to comprehensive solutions encompassing exploration, development, inspection, maintenance, and logistics, significantly improving the industry's safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. UAV applications in international oil and gas companies primarily focus on facility inspection, leak detection, and hazard assessment. The global oil and gas UAV market is currently experiencing explosive growth, projected to expand rapidly from US$9.77 billion in 2025 to over US$32.64 billion in 2035, representing a compound annual growth rate of 12.8%. Taiwan's drone industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years, with its output value increasing significantly from approximately NT$5 billion in 2024 to NT$12.9 billion in 2025, and a target of NT$40 billion by 2030. Exports have also surged from NT$140 million in 2024 to NT$2.95 billion in 2025, accounting for approximately 23% of the total output value, demonstrating strong potential in overseas markets. Currently, drone applications have entered major industries, and drone vehicles and payloads are being further updated and customized, including payload capacity, long range, hydrogen power, high safety, wind and weather resistance, and beyond-visual-range flight capabilities. These represent important directions and market opportunities for Taiwan's sustainable development of drone products and systems.

　　索馬利蘭位於非洲東北端之非洲之角，該國地質演化及石油系統與一海之隔的石油生產國葉門相似。本研究透過板塊重建軟體GPlates恢復古代板塊位置製作7個古板塊復原圖，以瞭解索馬利蘭地層在亞丁灣張裂前的沉積環境變遷，並與文獻中的古沉積環境進行比較。另也透過文獻回顧，將位於亞丁灣北岸的葉門油氣產狀類比到南岸的索馬利蘭，進一步參考全球裂谷盆地的石油系統分析文獻，將索馬利蘭裂谷對應到已歸納的石油系統中。本研究將1980年代Canadian Oxy公司在葉門的Masila 14礦區類比到索馬利蘭裂谷盆地，其屬於發育中止的陸上裂谷、無岩鹽相關構造及硬石膏造成反射震測訊號不良等三個特性。索馬利蘭裂谷盆地對應到發育中止的陸上裂谷石油系統，其生油岩與儲集岩應不致缺乏，但可能缺乏後張裂時期的蓋岩為主要地質風險。葉門Masila 14 礦區除了石油系統之外，其最初經營人Canadian Oxy公司在葉門的快速探勘策略也值得借鑑。
　　Somaliland is located in the Horn of Africa, at the northeastern tip of the continent. The region’s geological evolution and petroleum system are similar to those of Yemen, an oil-producing country across the sea. This study constructed six paleo-plate tectonic maps using GPlates software by restoring the positions of the plates in the past, in order to understand changes in the sedimentary environment of Somaliland strata prior to the breakup of the Gulf of Aden.
　　The hydrocarbon habitat in Somaliland, along the south coast of the Gulf of Aden, is considered analogous to that in Yemen, along the north coast, based on a literature review. In addition, the rift system in Somaliland corresponds to a summarized petroleum system, as described in a global review of rift-basin petroleum systems.
　　This study compares Block S in Somaliland with Block 14 in Yemen based on three characteristics: (1) both belong to a continental rift system that has ceased evolving, (2) neither shows salt-related tectonics, and (3) both exhibit poor seismic signals due to anhydrite. The rift system in Somaliland represents a continental rift that is no longer evolving, which implies that it should not lack source rocks (shales) or reservoirs (sandstones), but may lack a widespread regional seal in the post-rift period.
　　Beyond the petroleum system of Block 14 in Masila, it is also worthwhile to learn from the rapid exploration strategy employed by Canadian Oxy.

　　本研究根據12口井之微體化石豐度變化，重建澳洲Roebuck盆地中生代沉積環境。研究結果顯示三疊紀早至中期，盆地南部主要堆積非海相至邊緣海相沉積物。三疊紀晚期海退，於南部堆積非海相堆積物，而北部區域為近濱相至遠濱相沉積環境。侏羅紀早至中期，全盆地大致處於非海相至邊緣海相環境。侏羅紀晚期，Argoland地塊與澳洲陸塊分離使大部分區域抬升，堆積作用僅發生於局部區域。白堊紀以來，全盆地進入被動邊緣，形成近濱相至遠濱相沉積物。　　　
　　Based on variations in microfossil abundance of 12 wells, this study reconstructed the Mesozoic depositional environments of the Roebuck Basin, Australia. The results reveal that during the early to middle Triassic, non-marine to marginal marine facies dominated in the southern part of the basin. Relative sea level falling in the late Triassic led to the deposition of non-marine facies in the south, while nearshore to offshore marine facies occurring in the north. From the early to middle Jurassic, the entire basin was dominated by non-marine to marginal marine facies. In the late Jurassic, the separation of the Argoland terrane from the Australian continent induced regional uplift, limiting sedimentation to local areas. Since the Cretaceous, the basin has evolved into a passive margin, characterized by the widespread development of nearshore to offshore sediments.

　　永續航空燃油為全球致力發展中的一種再生能源，藉由生質料源取代化石原料進行加工，以生產可相容於現行航空器之燃料。與傳統化石航燃相比，永續航空燃油的料源之一來自動物脂肪、植物油、廢食用油或農業廢棄物，可大幅降低飛機燃料生命週期的溫室氣體排放。國際民航組織認可之永續航空燃油可由化石原料與生質料源進行共製程生產，或由純生質料源經脫氧、脫羧、異構化或裂解等反應並分餾後，其中沸點分布落在航空燃油區間之油品，再與化石航燃進行摻配而得。台灣中油公司為加速量產第一批在地製造的永續航空燃油，擬利用既有加氫脫硫工場搭配新型觸媒實現，並先行以試量產級加氫反應暨分離試驗驗證其可行性。結果顯示，粗煤油摻煉2.5 vol%以上廢食用油之進料，於煉廠既有工場現行操作條件下，可成功產出符合ASTM D1655規範之共製程永續航空燃油。
　　Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is one of the renewable energy sources that committed to development all over the world. By processing biomass instead of fossil, the production fuel can be compatible with current aircraft. Compared with traditional fossil jet fuel, SAF significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions throughout the aircraft fuel life cycle because one of its raw material comes from animal fats, vegetable oils, used cooking oils or agricultural waste. SAF approved by International Civil Aviation Organization is co-processing from biomass with fossil, or blending fossil jet fuel with fractionation oil whose boiling point distribution belonged to the aviation fuel range. The fractionation is produced from deoxygenation, decarboxylation, isomerization or cracking reaction and fractionation of pure biomass. In order to accelerate the mass production of the first batch of locally manufactured SAF, CPC Corporation Taiwan plans to utilize its existing hydro-desulfurization plant with new type catalysts and confirms its feasibility via a test for pilot-scale continuous feed hydro-treating reaction and separation. The results show that more than 2.5 vol% of used cooking oil blended to crude kerosene within the current operating conditions of the refinery's existing plant can produce co-processing SAF which meets ASTM D1655 standards.

　　2026年2月28日美伊衝突導致荷姆茲海峽遭封鎖，海運運能暴跌逾九成，嚴重衝擊高度仰賴中東原料的東亞石化業。物流中斷與原油暴漲引發長鞭效應，導致日韓台等多國輕油裂解廠因斷供而降載停工，面臨加工利差轉負的虧損危機。亞洲區域產能供給過剩，加上地緣衝突風險，亞洲石化業將加速技術升級與產能重組，力求生存。南韓引進原油直接製化學品與生物精煉技術；日本整併關閉舊型裂解爐，轉向生質乙醇催化製程；中國則大舉投資超大型乙烷運輸船，引進美國液化乙烷，並增加煤製烯烴產量，以及設置綠氫輸送管道加速推動低碳液體燃料生產。輕油轉乙、丙烷技術可透過改造既有設備，縮短導入時程，備受亞洲業者關注。這場危機加速東北亞高成本產能淘汰，催化全球石化生產向美、中、中東三極靠攏。能源轉型可望回歸務實的漸進演進，企業策略也從追求成本最佳化的「及時生產」，轉為優先確保「供應鏈韌性」與「原料安全性」。
　　The US–Iran conflict on February 28, 2026, triggered a blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, slashing maritime shipping capacity by over 90% and inflicting a severe supply shock on the Asian petrochemical industry, which is highly dependent on Middle Eastern feedstocks. Logistical disruptions and skyrocketing crude oil prices unleashed a regional bullwhip effect, forcing widespread operating rate cuts and shutdowns across naphtha steam crackers in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Consequently, operators suffered severe margin compression, with cracking margins plunging deep into negative territory. Compounded by regional overcapacity and ongoing geopolitical risks, Asian producers are accelerating process technology upgrades and capacity rationalization to survive. Specifically, South Korea is deploying Crude-to-Chemicals (COTC/TC2C) and bio-refining technologies. Japan is consolidating its footprint by decommissioning legacy steam crackers while pivoting toward bio-ethanol-based (Revolefin) catalytic conversion. Concurrently, China is securing U.S. liquefied ethane through massive investments in Very Large Ethane Carriers (VLECs), increasing Coal-to-Olefins (CTO) production, and deploying green hydrogen pipelines to accelerate the shift toward low-carbon liquid fuels. In tandem, Honeywell's Naphtha-to-Ethane/Propane (NEP) process technology has gained widespread industry traction due to its ability to shorten implementation timelines via brownfield retrofits. This crisis is accelerating the phase-out of high-cost Northeast Asian capacity and consolidating global petrochemical production into a tri-polar landscape centered on the U.S., China, and the Middle East. Ultimately, the energy transition is pivoting toward a pragmatic "energy evolution," with corporate strategies shifting from lean, "Just-in-Time" production models toward prioritizing supply chain resilience and feedstock security.

　　本文分析2026年美以伊戰事致荷莫茲海峽航運受阻而影響歐盟能源供應，並探討歐盟之政策因應。歐盟已因俄烏戰爭逐步推動俄國天然氣退場、打造多元進口、儲存與需求管理的供應結構；美以伊戰事則形成新的油品、LNG、航運與電力供給及成本壓力，兩者共同影響歐盟因應措施。歐盟原油來源多元化已限縮實體斷供風險，但航空燃油、柴油與石化原料成本仍受衝擊；天然氣方面則面臨全球LNG競價、注儲與冬季供應壓力。燃料價格上漲亦推升電價，促使部分會員國提高燃煤、核能與再生能源發電量，但亦面臨核能歲修、乾旱與風況不利等限制。短期措施包括釋出庫存、提供價格緩衝及產業補助、加強監測協調、鬆綁規範、暫增俄氣進口、運用儲氣目標彈性，及暫緩甲烷規範罰則；其挑戰在於財政負擔、會員國補助能力落差、能源價格與減碳政策可信度。中長期措施包括對美LNG採購、降低油氣需求、擴大電氣化與低碳投資、發展核能及調整EU ETS，但將面臨供應集中、電價、電網、融資、投資誘因與減碳目標落差等限制。歐盟經驗顯示，臺灣不宜僅依賴高價搶購與補貼來因應危機，應以分級價格支持、可退場安排、供應排序、事前韌性投資等措施，兼顧能源安全、可負擔價格、產業競爭力與永續發展。
　　This article analyses how disruptions to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz during the 2026 U.S.–Israel–Iran conflict affected EU energy supply and policy. Measures adopted after the Russia–Ukraine war—including the phase-out of Russian gas, import diversification, storage, and demand management—formed the structural baseline, while the 2026 conflict added pressures on petroleum products, LNG, shipping, and electricity. Diversified crude oil sources limited physical supply risks, but aviation fuel, diesel, petrochemical feedstocks, and LNG remained exposed to higher costs, storage pressures, and winter supply risks. Rising fuel prices also increased electricity prices, prompting greater coal-fired, nuclear, and renewable generation despite constraints from nuclear maintenance, drought, and weak wind conditions. Short-term responses included releasing stocks, providing price and industrial support, strengthening coordination, relaxing regulations, a temporary increase in Russian gas imports, applying flexibility to storage targets, and deferring methane-rule penalties. These measures raised concerns regarding fiscal burdens, subsidy equity, affordability, and decarbonization. Medium- and long-term policies promoted U.S. LNG procurement, lower oil and gas demand, electrification, low-carbon investment, nuclear power, and EU ETS adjustments, but faced supply concentration, grid, financing, and investment constraints. The EU experience suggests that, rather than relying primarily on costly emergency procurement and broad subsidies during future international energy crises, Taiwan should combine tiered price support, supply priorities, ex ante resilience investment, and time-limited assistance to balance energy security, affordability, competitiveness, and sustainable development.